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Original Articles
- The Linear Transmission of the Vestibular Neural Information by Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation
- Gyutae Kim, Sangmin Lee, Kyu-Sung Kim
- Res Vestib Sci. 2016;15(4):132-140. Published online December 12, 2016
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2016.15.4.132
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Abstract
PDF - Objective: Growing hypotheses indicate the galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) as an alternative method to manage the symptoms of parkinson’s disease (PD). GVS is easy and safe for use, and non-invasive. However, it is elusive how the neural information caused by GVS is transmitted in the central nervous system and relieves PD symptoms. To answer this question, we investigated the transmission of neural information by GVS in the central vestibular system, focused on vestibular nucleus (VN).
Methods
Twenty guinea pigs were used for this study for the extracellular neuronal recordings in the VN. The neuronal responses to rotation and GVS were analyzed by curve-fitting, and the numerical responding features, amplitudes and baselines, were computed. The effects of stimuli were examined by comparing these features.
Results
Twenty six vestibular neurons (15 regular and 11 irregular neurons) were recorded. Comparing the difference of baselines, we found the neural information was linearly transmitted with a reduced sensitivity (0.75). The linearity in the neural transmission was stronger in the neuronal groups with regular (correlation coefficient [Cor. Coef.]=0.91) and low sensitive units (Cor. Coef.=0.93), compared with those with irregular (Cor. Coef.=0.86) and high-sensitive neurons (Cor. Coef.=0.77).
Conclusion
The neural information by GVS was linearly transmitted no matter what the neuronal characteristics were.
- Application of Force Sensitive Resistors on Evaluation of Vestibulospinal Reflex Induced by Galvanic Stimulation
- Sang Eon Park, Jin Hee Park, Min Sun Kim, Ho Choon Jeong, Byung Rim Park
- Res Vestib Sci. 2011;10(3):92-99.
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- 10 Download
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Abstract
PDF
- Background and Objectives: Force sensitive resistors (FSR) were used to measure the body sway to galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS), and compared with the response obtained from force platform in normal subjects. Materials and Methods: Bipolar galvanic stimulation was applied to the bilateral mastoid process with intensity of 0.5-1.5 mA and duration of 1 sec in 3 different head positions of forward, rightward, and leftward. Results: Elevation of anterior pressure curve and depression of posterior pressure curve resulting from forward body sway were recorded in both feet by FSR. Forward body sway induced forward deviation of the center of pressure in force platform. Elevation of pressure curve in left foot and depression of the curve in right foot resulting from leftward body sway were recorded by FSR. Leftward body sway induced left deviation of the center of pressure in force platform. Orientation of the body sway induced by GVS was directed towards the anode side in the head facing forwards. Leftward and backward body sway resulting from cathodal stimulation on left mastoid process in leftward rotation of the head position and leftward and forward body sway resulting from cathodal stimulation on left mastoid process in rightward rotation of the head position were recorded by both FSR and force platform. Reaction time of GVS did not show any significant difference between FSR and force platform. Conclusion: These results indicate that FSR could be used to evaluate the vestibulospinal reflex to GVS.
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