Research in Vestibular Science

Volume 9 (4); December 2010

Review

Recent Research of Radiologic Diagnosis in Meniere’s Disease: Won Sang Lee, Young Joon Seo; Res Vestib Sci. 2010;9(4):121-127.

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Abstract PDF: 동물 실험에서, 정맥 및 고실을 통한 Gd 결합체의 주입은 내이의 외림프액 공간의 조영 증강을 확인할 수 있었다. 와우축은 첨단를 통하지 않고 고실계와 전정계 사이에 외림프액을 소통하는 중요한 부위임이 밝혀졌으며, 이를 이용하여 Gd 결합체를 이용한 영상 기술은 더욱 발전할 것이다. 사람에서도 내림프수종을 시각화하는 데 성공하였으며, 고실을 통한 Gd 결합체 주입 후 다양한 MR 기술을 통하여 신호 대잡음 비가 높은 고 해상도의 영상을 얻을 수 있게 되었다.28 아직도 와우의 세부적인 구조를 시각화하는 데는 한계가 있지만, 저자는 내림프수종을 시각화하는 것은 메니에르병을 진단하는 데 필수적이고, 내림프액 공간의 영상과 증상간의 관계에 대한 앞으로의 연구가 내이의 질병들의 병인들을 밝히는 데 큰 역할을 할 것이라고 생각된다.

Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of Repetitive Multiaxial 3-dimensional Rotation Training on Vestibulo-ocular Reflex: Sang Ho Hwang1, Keun Su Kim2; Res Vestib Sci. 2010;9(4):128-133.

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Abstract PDF: Background and Objectives: The parameters of vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) are believed to indicate the quantitative value of vestibular function and the differences in them are related to the susceptibility of motion sickness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of repetitive multiaxial 3-dimensional rotation training on VOR parameters. Materials and Methods: Fifteen healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to 3 different groups according to the mode of exercise training. Aerotrim exercise was done as a method of repetitive multiaxial 3-dimensional rotation training. The changes in VOR parameters after 9 weeks of exercise training in Aerotrim training group were compared with that of other groups. Results: While the values of VOR gain in Aerotrim training group after 9 weeks of exercise training were significantly lower than baseline values at rotation frequencies of 0.01, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16, and 0.32 Hz, values of VOR gain in other groups showed no difference between before and after exercise training. In all groups, there were no significant differences in VOR phase and symmetry values between before and after exercise training. Conclusion: This study showed that VOR parameters changed after 9 weeks of repetitive multiaxial 3-dimensional rotation training, and vestibular habituation might eventually occur. Since vestibular habituation is known to contribute to mitigating the frequency and the degree of motion sickness, we suggest that repetitive multiaxial 3-dimensional rotation training can be used as the countermeasure for student pilots or astronauts, who are often exposed to unusual motion and positional status in actual 3-dimensional space.

Original Articles

Competence in Suppressing the Visual Fixation among Different Types of Frenzel Glasses: Sungdo Jung, Jae Yun Jung, Chung Ku Rhee, Myung Whan Suh; Res Vestib Sci. 2010;9(4):134-138.

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Abstract PDF: Background and Objectives: Several manufacturers supply different types of Frenzel glasses, but the quality of these varied Frenzel glasses seems to be quite different. The aim of this study was to compare the competence in suppressing visual fixation (VF) among different types of Frenzel glasses. The second aim was to develop a new type of Frenzel glasses which is cheaper and more convenient to carry, but has an equivalent competence. Materials and Methods: Four different types of Frenzel glasses were evaluated: 30 diopter Frenzel glasses manufactured by Nagashima (N), 10 diopter Frenzel glasses manufactured by Jungang (J), 13 diopter conventional magnifying glasses (M) and 17 diopter Fresnel lens glasses assembled by the authors. The amplitude of the spontaneous nystagmus (SN) was measured though the electronystagmography system. The SN was measured 35 times from 15 patients who were diagnosed as vestibular neuritis. Results: The mean amplitude of the SN was 8.8±3.2°/sec when measured with the videonystagmography goggles. When the same SN was measured through the 4 different Frenzel glasses, it was 7.5±2.8 (N), 6.3±3.0 (F), 6.2±3.0 (M), and 5.7±2.6 (J) °/sec respectively. The amplitude of the SN was significantly bigger when wearing the N glasses compared to the other 3 glasses. The SN was significantly smaller when wearing the J glasses compared to the F glasses. Conclusion: The competence of suppressing VF was significantly different among the varied types of glasses. The F glasses seem to have a similar or better competence with the J glasses. F glasses seems to be a fairly good alternative which is very portable and cheap.

Inferior Vestibular Neuritis: Absence of Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials in the Presence of Normal Caloric Responses: Kyoung Rok Kim, Bo Kyoung Kim, Seong Ah Hong, Ho Young Lim, Eun Jin Son; Res Vestib Sci. 2010;9(4):139-143.

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Abstract PDF: Background and Objectives: To report the clinical features of six patients diagnosed with cases of inferior vestibular neuritis based on abnormal vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) responses with normal caloric test results. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 62 patients presenting with dizziness. All patients underwent a battery of audiovestibular testing, including hearing tests, caloric test and VEMP test. Results: Six patients were diagnosed as inferior vestibular neuritis. All patients presented with acute onset of prolonged vertigo. The pure tone audiograms and caloric test results were normal. VEMP response was absent unilaterally, and normal in the contralateral ear. Conclusion: Inferior vestibular neuritis should be considered in patients presenting with acute vertigo, but normal caloric responses. Comprehensive vestibular testing including VEMP is necessary.

Case Report

MRI Findings of a Cholesteatomatous Labyrinthine Fistula Showing Abnormal Inner Ear Enhancement: Yun Ah Park, Do Yang Park, Tae Sub Chung, Hyun Seok Choi, Eun Jin Son; Res Vestib Sci. 2010;9(4):144-148.

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Abstract PDF: A 59-year-old male patient presented with sudden onset of vertigo and hearing loss. Labyrinthitis due to lateral semicircular canal fistula caused by cholesteamatous otitis media was suspected from temporal bone computed tomography (CT) and clinical symptoms. The patient was treated with canal wall down mastoidectomy with removal of the cholesteatoma and lateral semicircular canal occlusion. Preoperative gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of the inner ear revealed increased signal in the cochlea as well as vestibule. Correlation of the MRI findings and the inner ear involvement in labyrinthine fistula is discussed.

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