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Original Article
- Unilateral Vestibulopathy Mimicking Inner Ear Ischemia Modeling Using Photothrombosis and Behavioral Assessment Using EthoVision
- Min Seok Song, Min Young Lee, Ji Eun Choi, So-Young Chang, Jae-Hun Lee, John Patrick Cuenca, Nathaniel T. Carpena, Jae Yun Jung
- Res Vestib Sci. 2023;22(4):112-119. Published online December 15, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2023.22.4.112
- 1,021 View
- 19 Download
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Abstract
PDF - Objectives
Inner ear ischemic animal models using photochemical reactions have been devised in various ways. Localized vascular ischemia occurs with 532-nm laser irradiation after systemic rose bengal injection, a known photothrombotic mechanism. The aim of this study is to evaluate a photothrombosis-induced vestibulopathy mimicking behavioral changes in the inner ear ischemia model.
Methods
Seven-week-old male Spraque-Dawley rats were used. Animals were divided into three groups: control group (n=6), sham laser group (n=9), and laser group (n=9). To induce the photothrombosis, animals were injected with rose bengal into the femoral vein and then were irradiated with a 532-nm laser (175 mW for 900 seconds) via transtympanic membrane. To investigate the vestibulopathy after photothrombosis, the behavior tests (tail lift reflex test, air righting reflex test, rotarod test) were performed on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days after surgery. Additionally, an open field test was conducted and analyzed using EthoVision XT (Noldus).
Results
The laser group exhibited significant behavioral change to mimic vestibulopathy in all assessments. Inducing photothrombosis with rose bengal caused severe gait instability, which precluded rotarod testing. In the tail lift reflex test, the laser group displayed vestibular dysfunction with a lower angle formation compared to the control rats. During the open field test, the laser group exhibited reduced mobility, a condition that persisted in the laser groups for 7 days.
Conclusions
Noninvasive laser irradiation using rose bengal and a 532-nm laser induces photothrombosis in the inner ear of animals, leading to the development of vestibulopathy mimicking imbalanced behavior.
Review
- The Association between Dizziness and Anxiety: Update to the Treatment
- Seo-Young Choi, Kwang-Dong Choi
- Res Vestib Sci. 2022;21(2):40-45. Published online June 15, 2022
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2022.21.2.40
- 2,351 View
- 73 Download
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Abstract
PDF
Supplementary Material - Anxiety, depression, or other psychiatric symptoms can be the primary cause of dizziness and the secondary complication of dizziness. Regardless of precedence or consequence, dizziness is closely associated with the psychiatric problem. On this ground, this chapter reviews the association between dizziness and anxiety and the treatment for dizziness with psychiatric symptoms.
Original Article
- Dizzy and Psychological Scales in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: Suspicious Patients without Characteristic Nystagmus
- Seok Min Hong, Sung Kyun Kim, Heejin Kim, Seok Jin Hong, Yong Bok Kim, Il-Seok Park, Dawoon Oh
- Res Vestib Sci. 2017;16(3):80-84. Published online September 15, 2017
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2017.16.3.80
- 9,351 View
- 143 Download
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Abstract
PDF
- Objectives
Patients, who have had a history of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)-like symptoms, but no characteristic nystagmus, were often present. They are diagnosed as having a resolved state from BPPV or normal, and tend to be overlooked. We investigated the dizzy and psychological scales in BPPV-suspicious patients. Methods: Thirty-nine patients, which they had vertigo of a short duration at the specific head position, and clinically suspicious BPPV, but no nystagmus in positional tests, were enrolled. We compared dizzy and psychological scales of suspicious BPPV patients with 138 BPPV patients, using dizziness handicap inventory (DHI), the beck depression inventory (BDI), and the Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory. Additionally, among the BPPV-suspicious group, patients with a BPPV history were compared with those with no previous BPPV. Results: No differences in the all scales were found between the two groups. However, DHI scores of patients with a previous BPPV attack were significantly higher than those of patients with no BPPV-like symptoms; in particular, there was a significant difference in emotional scores. Conclusion: Although the patients had no characteristic nystagmus, if they have a BPPV-like history and symptoms, emotional support and periodic follow up are needed. In particular, careful observation should be performed in patients with previous BPPV attack.
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